Dried Salivary Spot As A Diagnostic Aid- A Review

Saliva is a colourless, watery and complex fluid secreted by the salivary glands into the oral cavity. It plays an important role in maintaining the moisture and well being of the oral cavity. In recent years, Saliva has been used by the researches, as it is non invasive technique, limited training required, potentially valuable for children and elderly patients, cost effective, eliminates the risk of infection and screening in large population. Collecting dried salivary sample is still being a greater challenge in the forensic. The process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury from its signs and symptoms is referred as diagnosis and diagnostic tool helps in simplifying the clinical findings to obtain a reasonable and relevant differential diagnosis. Recently, Dried salivary spot has been most commonly used among Forensic Odontology which can be used as an efficient diagnostic aid. This article aims to review the updates and significance of dried saliva spot and sampling in forensic odontology.

Consideraciones sobre el diagnóstico de COVID-19 y el papel del diagnóstico salival / Considerations on the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the role of the salival diagnosis

El nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 es el agente etiológico de la enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19), convertida rápidamente en una pandemia, emergencia sanitaria y una crisis de salud pública en los países afectados a lo largo de los cinco continentes. El objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica fue describir algunas consideraciones sobre el diagnóstico del COVID-19 y el papel de los diagnósticos salivales. El diagnóstico molecular, la historia clínica, las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos de laboratorio y los imagenológicos, y la prueba viral del ácido nucleico, el diagnóstico serológico, el sistema CRISPR/ Cas13 y la técnica SHERLOCK son elementos del arsenal diagnóstico de esta infección. Éstos son imprescindibles para el trabajo de los profesionales en salud, ya que generar y conocer medidas de identificación diagnóstica, son pilares esenciales, en el intento de mitigar una mayor propagación de esta infección (AU)

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the etiologic agent of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), rapidly converted in a pandemic, sanitary emergency and Public Health crisis in the affected countries over the world. The objective of the present bibliographical review was to describe some considerations about the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the role of salivary diagnostics. The molecular diagnosis, the clinical history, the laboratory and imagenologic findings, the nucleic acid viral test, the serologic diagnosis, the CRISPR/Cas13 system, and the SHERLOCK technique, are all elements of the diagnostic arsenal to identify this infection. These elements are indispensables for the health professionals. Generating and knowing the diagnostic identification measures are essential pillars in the attempt of mitigating a greater propagation of this disease (AU)

Saliva as a diagnostic tool

Salivary diagnostics is an emerging field that has progressed through several important developments in the past decade, including the publication of the human salivary proteome and the infusion of federal funds to integrate nanotechnologies and microfluidic engineering concepts into developing compact point-of-care devices for rapid analysis of this secretion. In this article, we discuss some of these developments and their relevance to the prognosis, diagnosis and management of periodontitis, as an oral target, and cardiovascular disease, as a systemic example for the potential of these biodiagnostics. Our findings suggest that several biomarkers are associated with distinct biological stages of these diseases and demonstrate promise as practical biomarkers in identifying and managing periodontal disease, and acute myocardial infarction. The majority of these studies have progressed through biomarker discovery, with the identified molecules requiring more robust clinical studies to enable substantive validation for disease diagnosis. It is predicted that with continued advances in this field the use of a combination of biomarkers in multiplex panels is likely to yield accurate screening tools for these diagnoses in the near future